Learning outcomes are measurable statements that articulate at the beginning what students should know, be able to do, or value as a result of taking a course or completing a program.
Good learning outcomes emphasize the application and integration of knowledge. Instead of focusing on coverage of material, learning outcomes articulate how students will be able to employ the material, both in the context of the class and more broadly.
Student learning outcomes (SLOs) are the specified knowledge, skills, abilities or attitudes that students are expected to attain by the end of a learning experience or program of study. With respect to program-level assessment, SLOs should be informed where appropriate by the following: Discipline-related skill set.
Learning outcomes help faculty and students come to a common understanding about the purpose and goals of a course or academic program. By providing clear and comprehensive learning outcomes, faculty begin to provide a transparent pathway for student success.
As a reminder, make the outcome specific, with action verbs and observable end products. We recommend avoiding the word, “demonstrate” and selecting an action verb that illustrates how students may demonstrate (e.g., define, predict, explain, compute, critique). Some learning outcomes may utilize multiple actions.
Instructors may measure student learning outcomes directly, assessing student-produced artifacts and performances; instructors may also measure student learning indirectly, relying on students own perceptions of learning. Direct measures of student learning require students to demonstrate their knowledge and skills.
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